Samegrelo and Upper Svaneti

Cities

Poti

The Port of Poti is one of the largest commercial and passenger ports in Georgia, located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. It is of strategic importance for the Georgian economy and international trade.

→

Samegrelo and Upper Svaneti are two historical and cultural regions in northwestern Georgia, each with distinct traditions, languages, and landscapes.

Samegrelo (Mingrelia)

Location: Western Georgia, bordered by Abkhazia, Svaneti, Imereti, and the Black Sea.

Capital: Zugdidi (historical center of the Principality of Mingrelia).

Language: Mingrelian (Megrelian)—a Kartvelian language closely related to Georgian but distinct.

Culture: Known for vibrant folk dances (e.g., Jansulo), polyphonic singing, and rich cuisine (e.g., Elarji—cheesy cornmeal, Gebzhalia—cheese with mint).

History: Ruled by the Dadiani dynasty; later absorbed into the Russian Empire (19th century). Played a key role in Georgia’s medieval and modern politics.

Attractions:

Dadiani Palace (Zugdidi) – Former royal residence with Napoleonic artifacts.

Kolkheti National Park – Wetlands and biodiversity.

Martvili Canyon – Stunning waterfalls and boat tours.

Upper Svaneti (Zemo Svaneti)

Location: High Caucasus mountains, bordering Russia and Samegrelo.

Capital: Mestia (main administrative center).

Language: Svan—an ancient Kartvelian language unrelated to Georgian or Mingrelian.

Culture: Famous for Svanetian towers (defensive stone structures), unique folk music, and pagan-influenced Christian traditions.

History: Isolated due to rugged terrain, Svaneti retained autonomy for centuries. Known for fierce resistance to invaders.

Attractions:

Ushguli – Europe’s highest permanently inhabited village (UNESCO site).